Non-metallic optical cables and metallic optical cables
Non-metallic optical cables use materials like FRP, aramid, or glass fiber for reinforcement, while metallic optical cables incorporate steel wires or metallic tapes for mechanical strength and protection.
Non-Metallic Optical Cables
Non-metallic optical cables are reinforced with non-metal materials such as:
- FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic): Provides high tensile strength, is lightweight, non-conductive, and resistant to moisture and corrosion, making it suitable for lightning-prone or high-voltage areas .
- Aramid fibers (e.g., KEVLAR49, Twaron): High-strength, high-modulus fibers with excellent thermal and oxidation resistance, commonly used in ADSS (All-Dielectric Self-Supporting) cables .
- Glass fiber yarn: Offers insulation, corrosion resistance, and high tensile strength, ideal for non-metallic reinforcement . These cables are typically used in environments with strong electromagnetic interference, frequent thunderstorms, or where electrical conductivity must be avoided. They are lighter, easier to handle, and suitable for aerial installations without the risk of induction currents .
Metallic Optical Cables
Metallic optical cables incorporate metallic elements such as:
- Steel wires: High-carbon or low-carbon steel wires provide axial tension, crush resistance, and impact protection. They can be galvanized or phosphated for corrosion resistance .
- Corrugated steel tape (CST): Often used in armored outdoor cables to enhance mechanical stress resistance .
- Metallic hybrid cables: Combine optical fibers with metallic wires for telecommunication and power feeding, following ITU-T L.109 standards . Metallic cables are preferred for direct burial, high rodent-infested areas, or environments requiring high mechanical protection. They offer superior crush resistance, impact strength, and durability compared to non-metallic cables .
Cable Models and Applications
- Non-metallic models: Lightweight, flexible, and suitable for aerial, indoor, or high-voltage line installations. Examples include ADSS cables reinforced with aramid or FRP .
- Metallic models: Armored outdoor cables with stranded loose tubes and corrugated steel tape, such as HITRONIC® HVW, designed for long-distance, high-stress environments .
- Hybrid optical/metallic cables: Used in FTTA, DAS, and power-feeding applications, combining optical fibers with metallic conductors for dual functionality .
Summary
| Feature | Non-Metallic Optical Cable | Metallic Optical Cable |
|---|---|---|
| Reinforcement | FRP, aramid, glass fiber | Steel wires, corrugated steel tape |
| Weight | Lightweight | Heavier |
| Electrical Conductivity | Non-conductive | Conductive |
| Environmental Suitability | Lightning-prone, high-voltage, humid areas | Direct burial, rodent-prone, high mechanical stress |
| Typical Use | ADSS, aerial, indoor | Armored outdoor, hybrid telecommunication/power |
Choosing between non-metallic and metallic optical cables depends on installation environment, mechanical stress, electrical safety, and project requirements .
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